Gastrostomia em crianças e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral grave: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Studies on Gastrostomy in children and adolescents with Severe Cerebral Palsy hold significant importance in clinical decision-making for these patients. However, there is a lack of research gathering specific information on this procedure in patients with this clinical condition, particularly in children and adolescents. The aim was to seek studies presenting benefits or not with the use of Gastrostomy in children or adolescents with cerebral palsy and develop a didactic material (Manual) based on the Integrative Review. The research methodology applied was Integrative Review, enabling simultaneous analysis of multiple studies and obtaining comprehensive and reliable results. A literature search was conducted, seeking studies addressing the guiding question: Is Gastrostomy recommended for children and adolescents with severe cerebral palsy or not? The selected studies were analyzed regarding gastrostomy indication in these patients, assessing their demographic characteristics, clinical outcomes post-gastrostomy, complications, and associated risks and benefits. Results provided valuable insights for clinical practice: a. demographic characteristics of children and adolescents with Severe Cerebral Palsy who underwent Gastrostomy were described, along with their clinical outcomes and risks and benefits associated with the intervention; b. highlighted the need for more significant investments and efforts by healthcare teams to conduct more robust and longer-lasting research to adequately support gastrostomy indications in these patients. Based on these findings, a Manual was developed targeting the Multidisciplinary Team, to provide information on Gastrostomy in children and adolescents with Severe Cerebral Palsy. The Manual seeks to aid informed decision-making, improve multidisciplinary care quality, and enhance relationships with families. In conclusion, the Integrative Review provided a comprehensive perspective on Gastrostomy in children and adolescents with Severe Cerebral Palsy, laying a solid foundation for the proposed Manual development. Nevertheless, continued research in this field is essential to enhance clinical practice and provide increasingly efficient and personalized care for these patients. The resulting Manual from this research holds the potential as a valuable tool in the care and treatment of these patients, enhancing their quality of life and promoting better healthcare outcomes and attention.