Prática de autocuidado e qualidade de vida da pessoa idosa longeva rural com doença crônica no contexto amazônico

Abstract

Introduction: Population aging and increased life expectancy, especially in rural and remote regions of Brazil, bring new challenges to public health, such as the need for self-care strategies and improved quality of life for elderly individuals with chronic diseases. In the Amazon context, geographic and cultural particularities reinforce the need for health policies that meet the specific needs of this population. Objective: to investigate the practice of self-care and the perceived quality of life of elderly individuals living in rural areas with chronic diseases in the city of Manaus, in the state of Amazonas. Method: this is a descriptive, cross-sectional study with a qualitative approach, carried out in rural primary health care units in Manaus, Amazonas. Data collection was conducted using a form and semi-structured interviews with 24 elderly individuals, enabling sociodemographic characterization, understanding of self-care practices, and quality of life. Results: The results showed that self-care practices are limited by the difficulty of accessing health services, low levels of education, and the prevalence of chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes. Quality of life is influenced by social interaction, family support, and health conditions, with additional challenges such as social isolation and economic vulnerability being highlighted. Final considerations: The study suggests the need for public policies focused on promoting self-care and implementing accessible health strategies for long-lived rural elderly people. The inclusion of practices adapted to cultural and environmental particularities can enhance the quality of life and autonomy of this population.