Perfil respiratório de adultos com doença renal crônica dialítica de acordo com as sensações de fadiga e dispneia

Abstract

Introduction: Patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis often experience symptoms of fatigue and dyspnea, in addition to potentially presenting altered pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength. Little is understood about the changes in the respiratory system and their possible association with symptoms of dyspnea and fatigue. Objectives: To outline the profile of dyspnea, fatigue, pulmonary function, and respiratory muscle strength in individuals with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis and to compare the respiratory profile between individuals who report fatigue and dyspnea and those who do not. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, observational, descriptive, and analytical study with a convenience sample, conducted in the dialysis unit of the Getúlio Vargas University Hospital (HUGV/UFAM/EBSERH). Evaluations included dyspnea sensation in activities of daily living (Modified Medical Research Council - mMRC scale), fatigue sensation (Fatigue Severity Scale - FSS), pulmonary function (spirometry), and respiratory muscle strength (manovacuometry). Participants were divided based on the presence or absence of fatigue and dyspnea. Results: Thirteen participants were included in the study (5 men, 43.4 ± 15.1 years, BMI 22.8 ± 2.9 kg/m²). No differences were found between groups with and without fatigue in the investigated outcomes, except for PNA levels (0.99 [0.9-1.13] vs. 1.27 [1.16-1.32], p = 0.01, for the group with and without dyspnea, respectively). Conclusions: Hemodialysis patients with chronic kidney disease, with or without perceived fatigue or dyspnea, present similar pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength. Individuals reporting greater dyspnea exhibit lower PNA levels, suggesting an association between protein intake and daily life dyspnea.