Utilização da Luz LED no leite bovino como ferramenta na redução de Aflatoxina M1

Abstract

Milk is of fundamental importance to human nutrition, produced all over the world and relevant even in developing countries and in family farming systems. This food has economic importance as a source of income and survival for a large part of the world's population, in addition to being a vital source of nutrition. In this context, the safety of its production has been researched to protect the health of consumers against toxic agents. On the other hand, mycotoxins, substances that are carcinogenic to humans and animals, constitute a factor that has a significant impact both on the trade and on the export of milk. Because there is a certain group of aflatoxins, some of them are of greater interest, as they have carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic risk factors, with aflatoxin B1 being the most potent. Objective: To evaluate the performance of UV Light in reducing the levels of aflatoxin M1(AFM1) in bovine milk produced in the Amazon. Methods: Samples of regional bovine milk were purchased from retailers in the city of Manaus-AM. As samples, they were maintained for the presence of AFM1 before being maintained for UV Led treatments. Intuitive AFM1A quantification of AFM1 in the Milk Sample was performed in triplicate, following the procedures indicated by the immunoaffinity explanations manual (Afla M1 HPLC, Vicam®, Watertown, MA, USA). Validation of the Method through the negative milk sample for the presence of aflatoxins. Samples contaminated with AFM1 will remain in light with a wavelength of 360nm at 0, 2.5 and 5J /cm2 for 30, 45 and 60 minutes (Sun et al,.2016). The treatment with UV Led light was carried out on a bench containing, as an example, beakers with a volume of 300 ml of bovine milk, using a beam of light with a UV lamp. To evaluate the impact of the treatments on the physical-chemical aspects of the samples, the acidity was evaluated. Results: After application of UV light, a decrease in AFM1 content occurred, and the mean result is reported in Table 1, indicating the LED duration of zero time. The results with a reduction of 75.5, 97.3 and 94.1%, respectively for the time ranges of 3, 6 and 9 minutes. Considering that the use of UV LED light can change other characteristics of the milk, the acidity content was analyzed at each moment of the test. According to Brazilian legislation, milk acidity is a quality and safety parameter. According to the legislation, the acidity range is 0.14-0.18 g of lactic acid/100 mL and at the end of the test, a 9-min sample showed 0.16 g of lactic acid/100mL. Conclusion: The efficiency of UV LED light in reducing the concentration of AFM1 in bovine milk was tested using 3, 6 and 9min. The results showed that there was a percentage reduction of more than 75% in all testicles, showing the possibility of its use to reduce the risk of this mycotoxin. The acidity results met the limit according to Brazilian regulations.