Epidemiologia dos casos de infeção relacionada à assistência à saúde por Acinetobacter baumannii isolado de espécimes clínicos de pacientes internados em um hospital de ensino em Belém-PA: ênfase no perfil de sensibilidade

Abstract

Acinetobacter baumannii is the most common species of the isolated genus from clinical specimens and hospital environment, often affecting patients in intensive care units ( ICUs ). It is a bacterium which seems to have a propensity to develop antimicrobial resistance extremely fast. Practices as the quite higher use of antibiotics in patient in ICUs contribute to develop the A. Baumannii resistance. It is getting importance because it is related to nasocomiais infections in units where patients are using invasive procedures, immunoimpaired, elderly or treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. For the reasons above, it was decided to do this study in patients hospitalized at Santa Casa de Misericordia do Pará (FSCMP) to verify the cases of infeccion by Acinetobacter baumannii related to health care epidemiology isolayting clinical specimens with emphasis on sensitivity profile in a period from 2007 to 2011. Having such results, 48.39% of cases of bloodstream infection as the site of infection by A. Baumannii, followed by infection of the urinary tract and trachea, 12.9% each, with the largest number of cases in adult and neonatal ICUs. The A.baumannii showed significant resistance to cephalosporins 3rd and 4th generation, with troubling resistance to carbapenems, with annual growth from 6.25% to 30%. Concluding that there was a change in resistance profile of A. Baumannii in five years, and evidenced a rich field of research regarding the epidemiology of Acinetobacter baumannii, showing the necessity of new approaches to aspects such as clinical findings, duration of hospitalization, previous antibiotic use, and others, as a contribution to the clinical intervention against nosocomial infections caused by the under study agent.