Indicativo de Discalculia em escolares do ensino fundamental anos iniciais: na microrregião do Alto Solimões

Abstract

Dyscalculia is a specific mathematical learning disorder of biological origin, based on cognitive abnormalities. It is an alternative term used to describe a pattern of difficulties characterized by problems in processing numerical information, learning arithmetic facts, and performing precise or fluent calculations. The objective was to determine the signs of dyscalculia in elementary school students in the city of Fonte Boa, in the Alto Solimões microregion. The research presents a quantitative and characterization approach. The data collection instrument was the School Performance Test (TDE-II), and the sample consisted of 187 4th and 5th grade students from 6 schools in the urban and riverside areas. The results were analyzed based on absolute and relative frequencies. Participants were grouped into five levels: severe deficit, mild, average performance, above average, and well above average. The descriptive analysis was based on the absolute and relative frequencies of the cases. For data with normal distribution, the mean and standard deviation measures were used to represent the central tendency and dispersion. The results show that 70.1% of the students performed below average (mild and severe deficit). It was concluded that the majority of the children evaluated showed signs of significant difficulties in mathematics, which may impact their academic performance. This finding highlights the urgency of a joint effort between teachers, administrators and families to implement pedagogical practices that favor mathematical learning.