Práticas etnoculturais nos espaços de estudos da língua materna e conhecimentos tradicionais indígenas de Manaus nas turmas de ensino fundamental

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the ethnocultural practices carried out in two Study Spaces of the Mother Tongue and Traditional Indigenous Knowledge (SSMTTIK) located in Manaus, Amazonas. To this end, we went to the field to experience the application of the teaching methodologies employed, and interviews were conducted with indigenous teachers working in the Iapiúna (Karuara Community) and Wakenai Anumarehit (Tribes Park) spaces. The data collected were analyzed using the qualitative method of content analysis and the information gathered was compared with data from the scientific literature. Regarding the characteristics of the education applied in these places, the research observations indicate that empirical pedagogical strategies are widely carried out in order to keep alive the tradition, respect for specificities, as well as perpetuate the linguistic memory characteristic of the indigenous peoples inserted in this educational context – activities such as the use of the mother tongue, the valorization of ancestral symbols and experience as a means of discovery have been implemented for this purpose. Neglect regarding the condition of the infrastructure in the spaces, as well as the low availability of teaching materials and school meals were observed in both spaces, which, even in the face of structural adversities, persist in applying a differential education to the members of the community. Sociopolitical factors proved to be a constantly discussed aspect in meetings involving leaders and the community itself, since the actions carried out in the spaces are directly influenced by government agents. Despite the difficulties faced, the prejudices experienced and the constant geopolitical threats regarding the territory where they live, the educational spaces investigated showed great resilience in the process of welcoming and passing on information that, in summary, values the struggles and ancestry of the indigenous people.